CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 1 AND 2

1.1          CONDITIONAL TENSE TYPE 1

The if-clause is in the present tense, the main clause uses will and the infinitive, or simple present.

Conditional Sentence Type 1
TYPE	IF CLAUSE	MAIN CLAUSE	MEANING
Type 1	Simple present If you work hard,	Simple present you succeed. Simple future you will succeed.	True in the present or possible in future It’s possible to happen in the future

Formula Of Conditional type 1

a.       Use of commas

if + condition, result/consequence

if + simple present, will + bare infinitive

b.      Without the use of commas

result/consequence + if + condition

will + bare infinitive + if + simple present

When do we use conditional sentence type 1?

1. We use conditional sentence type 1 to talk about possible situations in the present or future.
• If you leave earlier, you will not be late.
• If you open the windows, the room will get some fresh air.
2. We often use conditional type 1 to talk about facts or processes:
• If you heat water to 100 degrees, it will boil.
• If we stare into the sun, we will hurt our eyes.

Example :

Kalimat	Contoh conditional type 1 dengan koma	Contoh conditional type 1 tanpa koma
(+)	If I have free time, I will go swimming.	I will go swimming if I have free time.
	If the bell rings, I’ll go home.	I’ll go home if the bell rings.
(-)	If you do not finish your homework, your teacher will be angry.	Your teacher will be angry if you do not finish your homework.
	If he doesn’t come, I won’t be angry.	I won’t be angry if he doesn’t come.
	Unless he comes, I will not be angry.	I will not be angry unless he comes.
	If he comes, I won’t be angry.	I won’t be angry if he comes.
(?)	If they invite you, will you come?	Will you come if they invite you?

1.2          CONDITIONAL TENSE TYPE 2

The if-clause is in the simple past or the past continuous tense, the main clause uses would and the infinitive, or would be and the present participle (Verb-ing).

Conditional Sentence Type 2
TYPE	IF CLAUSE	MAIN CLAUSE	MEANING
Type 2	Simple past If you worked hard, Past continuous If it were not raining now,	would + simple form you would succeed. would be + present participle I would be going out for a walk.	Untrue in the present Fact: You don’t work hard, so you don’t succeed Fact:It’s raining now, so I’m not going out for a walk.

When do we use conditional sentence type 2?

Conditional sentence type 2 is used to talk about actions or situations that are not taking place in the present or future, but we can imagine the probable result.

• If we didn’t live in a big city, we would not have to breathe polluted air everyday. (In truth, we live in a big city)
• If he were here, I would tell him about my plan.
  (In fact, he isn’t here)